6.1.1. ÈçºÎʹÓýű¾»ñµÃPID

²Î¼û½Å±¾pid.sh, ÈçÏÂ:

$ cat pid.sh
#!/bin/sh
pid=`ps -aux | grep $1 | grep -v grep | awk '{}'`
echo $pid < $1.pid
$./pid.sh sshd
  

6.1.2. ½«ÎļþÃû´Ó´óдת»»ÎªÐ¡Ð´

²Î¼û½Å±¾mklower.sh, ÈçÏÂ:

#!/bin/sh
for file in $1; 
do
newfile=`echo "$file" | tr "[:upper:]" "[:lower:]"`
mv "$file" "$newfile"
done
$ mklower.sh *.JPG
  

6.1.3. ×ÓĿ¼°´´óСÅÅÐò

$du -s * | sort -n

6.1.4. lsÏÔʾÑÕÉ«

$ls -G #ÏÔʾÊôÐÔÑÕÉ« $ls -F #ÏÔʾÊôÐÔ×Ö·û $ls -FG

6.1.5. ¿ìËÙ°²×°package

Äã¿ÉÒÔÏÈÉ趨 PACKAGEROOT£¬Ö¸¶¨ÓøÃÕ¾µãµÄpackage£¬°²×°Ê±×Ô¶¯Ñ°ÕÒ¶ÔÓ¦pakage£¬¶øÇÒÄã²»ÐèÒªÖªµÀ°æ±¾£¬Ö»ÒªÖªµÀpackageÃû³Æ¼´¿É£¬»á×Ô¶¯°²×°packageµÄ×îа棬ÖÐÎĵIJ¿·ÖÖ»Òª¼ÓÉÏ zh-£¬ÏñÊÇ zh-xcin¡£

# setenv PACKAGEROOT ftp://ftp.tw.freebsd.org
# pkg_add -r package_name
 

Ò²¿ÉÒÔÖ±½ÓÖ¸¶¨ PACKAGESITE Ö¸ÏòÌض¨µÄλÖÃ. ÏñÊÇÄãÏ£Íû°²×°µÄpackageÊÇ ×îеÄ, ¶ø²»ÊÇ release µÄ°æ±¾.

# setenv PACKAGESITE ftp://ftp.tw.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-stable/Latest/
 

6.1.6. ʹÓÃISO¾µÏñ

FreeBSD 4.X

#vnconfig /dev/vn0c ./IMAGE.ISO
#mount -t cd9660 /dev/vn0c MOUNT_DIR 
#umount MOUNT_DIR
#vnconfig -u /dev/vn0c
 

FreeBSD 5.X

#mdconfig -a -t vnode -f abc.iso -u 1 
#mount -t cd9660 /dev/md1 MOUNT_DIR 
#umount MOUNT_DIR
 

6.1.7. tcsh, csh¼¼ÇÉ

• ÔÚtcshÖпÉÒÔʹÓÃset autolistÉèÖÃÎļþÃûºÍ·¾¶×Ô¶¯²¹Æë

• ÔÚcshÖпÉÒÔÉèÖÃlimit coredumpsize 0À´ÉèÖÃcoredumpµÄ´óС

• ÉèÖÃÃüÁîÐÐÌáʾ·û

  set prompt = '%n@%m%#'
   
  

6.2.1. ϵͳÆô¶¯·´¸´³öÏÖtimeout-resetting

acd0:MODE_SENSE_BIG command timeout-resetting
ata1:resetting devices...done
acd0:MODE_SENSE_BIG command timeout-resetting
ata1:resetting devices...done
acd0:MODE_SENSE_BIG command timeout-resetting
ata1:resetting devices...done 
..........
Probing divice,please wait(this can take a few minutes
 

½«¹âÇýµÄmasterÐ޸ijÉslaveÀ´ÓÃ

6.2.2. ·¢ÏÖFreeBSDµÄ½»»»¿Õ¼ä±»ºÄ¾¡

²»×·¼Ó·ÖÇø, ¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýÔö¼Ó½»»»ÎļþµÄ·½Ê½ÊµÏÖ

Example 6-1. Creating a Swapfile on FreeBSD 4.X
1.  Be certain that your kernel configuration includes the vnode
driver. It is not in recent versions of GENERIC.
pseudo-device  vn 1  #Vnode driver (turns a file into a device)
2.  create a vn-device:
# cd /dev
# sh MAKEDEV vn0
3.  create a swapfile (/usr/swap0):
# dd if=/dev/zero of=/usr/swap0 bs=1024k count=64
4.  set proper permissions on (/usr/swap0):
# chmod 0600 /usr/swap0
5.  enable the swap file in /etc/rc.conf:
swapfile="usr/swap0"  # Set to name of swapfile if aux swapfile desired.
6.  Reboot the machine or to enable the swap file immediately, type:
# vnconfig -e /dev/vn0b /usr/swap0 swap

Example 6-2. Creating a Swapfile on FreeBSD 5.X
1.  Be certain that your kernel configuration includes the memory
disk driver ( md(4)). It is default in GENERIC kernel.
device  md  # Memory "disks"
2.  create a swapfile (/usr/swap0):
# dd if=/dev/zero of=/usr/swap0 bs=1024k count=64
3.  set proper permissions on (/usr/swap0):
# chmod 0600 /usr/swap0
4.  enable the swap file in /etc/rc.conf:
swapfile="usr/swap0"  # Set to name of swapfile if aux swapfile desired.
5.  Reboot the machine or to enable the swap file immediately, type:
# mdconfig -a -t vnode -f /usr/swap0 -u 0 && swapon /dev/md0

 

6.2.3. ÈçºÎ½«ÏµÍ³Ç¨ÒƵ½ÐµĴóÓ²ÅÌ

½¨ÒéÖØװϵͳ£¬È»ºó½«Êý¾ÝǨÒƵ½ÐÂÓ²ÅÌ, Èç¹ûÕæµÄÒªÖ±½Ó½«ÏµÍ³Ç¨ÒƵ½ÐÂÓ²ÅÌÒ»¶¨ÒªÊ¹ÓÃdumpºÍrestore£¬²»ÒªÊ¹ÓÃtar,cpioµÈ, ËüÃǶԸùĿ¼µÄ²Ù×÷¿ÉÄÜ»á³öÏÖÎÊÌâ, ²½ÖèÈçÏÂ:

ÀýÈç, ¼ÙÉèÒª½«¸ùÎļþϵͳÒƶ¯µ½/dev/ad1s1a, ʹÓÃ/mnt×÷ΪÁÙʱװÔصã, ÃüÁîÈçÏÂ

# newfs /dev/ad1s1a
# mount /dev/ad1s1a /mnt
# cd /mnt
# dump 0af - / | restore xf -
 

ÒªÔÚÐÂÓ²ÅÌÉÏÖØа²ÅÅ·ÖÇøÉÔ΢ÓеãÂé·³, ÀýÈçÒª°Ñ/varÎļþϵͳ·ÅÔÚÐÂÓ²ÅÌ·ÖÇøµÄ ¸ùÎļþϵͳÏÂ, Ê×ÏÈ°´ÕÕÉÏÃæµÄ²½ÖèÒƶ¯¸ùÎļþϵͳ, È»ºóÔÚÒƶ¯/varÎļþϵͳ, ÃüÁîÈçÏÂ:

# newfs /dev/ad1s1a
# mount /dev/ad1s1a /mnt
# cd /mnt
# dump 0af - / | restore xf -
# cd var
# dump 0af - /var | restore xf -
 

6.2.4. ÈçºÎʹÓÃÖ÷°åÄÚÖÃÉù¿¨, ÈçºÎʹ¶à¸ö³ÌÐòͬʱ²¥·ÅÉùÒô

ʹÓÃÄÚÖÃÉù¿¨ÐèÒªÌí¼ÓÈçÏÂÄÚºËÅäÖÃ

  options PNPBIOS
 

¶àÉùµÀÅäÖÃʹÓÃsysctl½øÐÐÉèÖÃ, ÈçÏÂ:

# sysctl hw.snd.pcm0.vchans=4
# sysctl hw.snd.maxautovchans=4
 

6.2.5. ÈçºÎʹÓÃmake worldÉý¼¶ÏµÍ³

²Î¿¼FreeBSDÉý¼¶Ö¸ÄÏ

×¢ÒâÊÂÏî

• ±¸·Ýϵͳ, ±¸·ÝÒ»ÏÂ×ܲ»ÖÁÓÚ³Ô¿÷

• ¶©ÔĶÔÓ¦ÓʼþÁбí, Ï£ÍûÄãµÄÓ¢ÎIJ»ÖÁÓÚÌ«²î, ÔÚ¶ÔÓ¦ÓʼþÁбíÉÏÌùÉÏÄãÎÊÌâµÄÃèÊö, ÃèÊöÇå³þ³öÏÖµÄÎÊÌâ¼°ÊÜÓ°ÏìµÄϵͳ

  STABLE: freebsd-stable@FreeBSD.org
 CURRENT: freebsd-current@FreeBSD.org
 

Éý¼¶²½Öè